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Meningitis ishyaykaq haypita mana allapa kallpayuqkuna
Meningitis ishyaykaq haypita mana allapa kallpayuqkuna

meningitis nishqan , mana allapa kallpayuqkuna , imakunapiq , akapa , wamlawalaśhkuna , puliykuna , puquśhqa nunakuna

Kay hillkaśhqakaq yaćhachinapaqmi haypita liqsichinapaq, ñatan manam hampikuqkuna nishqannuchu, manam willakuykunatanuchu uyalinki, lulanapaqchu uutak hampikuq nishqannuchu. Ima tapukuykunapis kaptinqa hampikuqtam tapukunki yanapaaśhunaykipaq. 

Meningitis meningocócica iahyaykaqtam imaymanaćhu likanchik; unay-unaypiq likalin, uchuk ayllukunallaćhupis, ñatan hatun ishyaykunamanpis lliw pachaćhu muyun, imaymanapa likalin (1). Haypitam, sumaq allin likay kayan piqkunaktam ancha waytalla ishyachin.


Wasakuna, akapakuna

Uchuk wawakuna manalqa huk watayuqkunakta ancha wayralla meningitis meningocócica ishyaykaq chalan, manalqami lliw aychan puquśhqalachu kayan, kaypita aaaaakapakunaktapis manalqa pichqa watayuqkunakta (2, 3, 4)

Kaynunilaq, sistema de vigilancia (SIREVA) Organización Panamericana de la Salud kamachikuq nishqannuupis, .18% meningocócica shyaykaqwanmi kay América Latinaćhu, uchuk akapakunakta talilqanchik; ñatan hukkunkta 14% achka huk watayuq, tawa watayuqkama akapakunaćhu 2018 haypita 2020 watakunaćhu (11).

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Wamlawalaśhkuna

Wamlawalaśhkunapis ancha ishyanamanmi aypapanan kayan hinaykul Neisseria meningitidis nishqan ishyaytam palkachipaakunman achka nasofaríngea nishqanta uywaśhqanpiq (2, 3, 5, 12). Hatun yaćhaykuna hillkaśhqaćhuumi, 24% yupay wamlawalaśhkuna ćhunka isqunniyuq watayuqkuna uywapaakun kay virus nishqanta mana ishyallal (7). Ñatanmi, 2010 watapiq 2019 watakama, kimsa nunapiq ishkay meningocócica ishyakaqwan kayalkan serogrupos C, W, uutak Y ćhunka hukniyuq watayuqkunapis (5).

Ñatanmi, allapa wamlawalaśhkunaishyapaakun kay ishaykaqwan allpa achka śhuntuśhqa nunakuna kaśhqanćhu pulipaakun haypita haykunaćhu akapakunapis kayaptin, tuśhu wasikunaćhu uutak puñu wasikunaćhuupis. Kaykunam yapaykuśhun mana wawyaśhqa kal, hayćhuumi bacterias icha viruskunapis palkayalkan, haykunam ishyachimanchik. Haypitam, Centro Control, Prevención de Enfermedades de Estados Unidos (CDC) kamachikuqkuna, meningocócica ishyakaq milaśhqanta willakuyalkan yaćhay wasinkunaćhu (6)

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Puliykunaćhu

Puliykunapis mana allpa kallpayuqkunaćhuumi kayalkan kay meningocócica ishyaykaqta chalapaakunampa, N. meningitidis nishqanpiq likalimuśhqan, achaka nunakunak pulishankuna pachakta lipaakuptinmi (6):

●     “Cinturón de la meningitis” suyukta África subsahariana nishqanćhu, akacha chaki pachaćhu.

●    Arabia Saudita suyu, Hajj haypita Umrah a La Meca suyukunakta puliyćhu.


Ñatanmi, ishyay kayaptin hatun malkakunakta liy uutak ancha ishyakuna milayaptin, manam allinchu puliykunapaq. Kaynunilaq, Brasil 2000 watapiq achka ishyaykuna śhqakuyamun haypita Chile suyućhu likayanchik ancha meningocócica ishyaykaq milaśhqanta kay qipa 2012 pachakunaćhu kay 2014 watakama, Región Metropolitana malkaćhu ancha likayanchik (13,14)

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Mana allapa kallpayuqkunaćhu

Llakikupaqmi, meningitis meningocócica ishyaykaq sumaq manchanaśh ishyaymi puquśha nunakunakta wañuchin 20% yupaymi, kanak hampikukunawan hampikuyalkuptinmi (10)

Kaykunakta likayanchik mana allapa kallpayuq nunakunaćhuumi, pachakunaćhu nunakunapa aychankuna mana allinchu kayan, ñatan puquśhqa nunakuna huk ishyaykunawanpis kayalkanmi (10).

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Wakunawanmi kay meningocócica ishyaykaqta amachayta yanapaśhun (1).
Hampikuqniykikta tapukuy amachakunaykipaq.

Kaykunapita śhuntuśhqa:

1.    World Health Organization. Meningococcal meningitis. 2018. Available from: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/meningococcal-meningitis . Accessed 25 February 2021.

2.    Zunt J, Kassebaum N, Blake N, Glennie L, Wright C, Nichols E et al. Global, regional, and national burden of meningitis, 1990–2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016. The Lancet Neurology. 2018; 17(12): 1061-1082. Disponible en: https://www.thelancet.com/action/showPdf?pii=S1474-4422%2818%2930387-9 Consultado en Marzo 2022.

3.    NHS. Meningitis Causes. 2019. Available from: https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/meningitis/causes/ . Accessed 25 February 2021.

4.    Bundy L, Noor A. Neonatal Meningitis. Ncbi.nlm.nih.gov. 2019. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK532264/ . Accessed 25 February 2021.

5.    Meningococcal Disease Surveillance | CDC. (2022). CDC. Recuperado 11 de marzo de 2022, de https://www.cdc.gov/meningococcal/surveillance/index.html

6.    Meningitis bacteriana | CDC. (2021). CDC. Recuperado 11 de marzo de 2022, de https://www.cdc.gov/meningitis/bacterial-sp.html

7.    Christensen H, May M, Bowen L, Hickman M, Trotter C. Meningococcal carriage by age: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2010; 10(12): 853-861.

8.    Viner R, Booy R, Johnson H, Edmunds W, Hudson L, Bedford H et al. Outcomes of invasive meningococcal serogroup B disease in children and adolescents (MOSAIC): a case-control study. The Lancet Neurology. 2012; 11(9): 774-783


9.    Bettinger J, Scheifele D, Le Saux N, Halperin S, Vaudry W, Tsang R. The Disease Burden of Invasive Meningococcal Serogroup B Disease in Canada. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal. 2013;32(1):e20-e25

10.    Choi C. Bacterial Meningitis in Aging Adults. Clinical Infectious Diseases. Clinical Infectious Diseases. 2001;33(8): 1380–1385.

11.    OPS. (2021). Vigilancia de Enfermedad Meningocócica en las Américas 2010 - 2020 - SIREVA II. PAHO. https://ais.paho.org/phip/viz/edmeningoesp.asp Accessed 17 March 2021

12.    M baeyi SA, Bozio CH, Duffy J, et al. Meningococcal Vaccination: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, United States, 2020. MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2020;69(9):1-41.

13.    13. Marco Aurélio Palazzi Sáfadi & Otávio Augusto Leite Cintra (2010) Epidemiology of meningococcal disease in Latin America: current situation and opportunities for prevention, Neurological Research, 32:3, 263-271, DOI: 10.1179/016164110X12644252260754

14.    Valenzuela, M. Teresa, Mañalich, Jaime, Díaz, Jorge, Linazasoro, Itziar, Castillo, Luis, Morales, Ana María, & Villena, Rodolfo. (2019). Plan de acción nacional frente a la emergencia de la cepa W-135 responsable de enfermedad meningocócica invasora en Chile, 2012-2013. Revista médica de Chile, 147(6), 776-786. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0034-98872019000600776

PP-NIM-CHL-0091